Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC): A Challenge for Current Cancer Therapy

Breast cancer is a big challenge for universal public health and has made as nuisance for every people who suffered from this disease. It is the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an advanced multi-drug resistance (MDR) breast cancer which affect majority of women worldwide Bakrania et al. [1]. TNBC is distinct by the lack of estrogens receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) expression, and normal human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths in women, it was estimated that worldwide over 508 000 women died in 2011 due to breast cancer Global Health Estimates, WHO 2013 in that about 12% to 20% (more than 1 out of 10) of cases being classified as triple-negative breast cancer. It is well known fact that ER, PR and HER2 receptor protein are absent in triple negative breast cancer cells Fleisher et al. [2]. Consequently, it does not respond to hormonal therapy such as tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors and other or therapies that target and inhibit HER2 receptors, such as trastuzumab or other related drugs. In a previous study it was found that a higher rate of basal-like breast cancer in premenopausal women compared with postmenopausal women. The prognosis of TNBCs generally found in more likely to be younger than 40 years Criscitiello et al. [3]; Anders et al. [4].